Category Archives: Social Issues

Importance of bioethics

By Zubeida Mustafa
Source: Dawn

ON January 21-22, the Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Culture (Cbec) of SIUT held a joint conference with Unesco in Karachi on “bioethics education” that should provide food for thought for educationists as well as parents. When doctors speak about bioethics, we tend to conjure up images of a moral code that health professionals are supposed to observe in the practice of medicine.

The Hippocratic Oath promptly comes to mind. Hence the workshop on the first day of the conference to design a biomedical ethics curriculum for medical students seemed plausible. But was there anything to sensitize school teachers about as was the idea of the second day’s programme?
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Islands of excellence

By Zubeida Mustafa

In this age of cutthroat competition in the marketplace when excellence — at a price — appears to have become the exclusive preserve of the private sector, the impression has been created that everything in the public sector is destined to be shoddy, inefficient, inept and in a state of decay. A government bank, it is assumed, will not function satisfactorily. A government school will not impart any education to its students. A government hospital will not provide good treatment to an ill person.

This may be true partially. But the standards of institutions are determined not by their ownership but by the individuals who man (woman?) them. You may have visited an organization owned by the government but would have found its efficiency at par with any private institution in the same field. True it may not have the same expensive ambience as the office of a multinational but it may be rendering better service. And isn’t that what really matters?

How do you explain this seeming anomaly? The fact is that even in the public sector it is the individual worker, especially the head of the organization, who sets his own standards of efficiency and performance. In the good old days when government institutions performed as well as any other, the integrity and commitment of the staff were the norms. This doesn’t hold true anymore. Only one in a thousand turns out to be efficient, dedicated and honest at a time when everyone else has forgotten to raise the bar. That explains why some government institutions are unexpectedly so good.

Take the National Savings Centre DHA branch in the Khadda Market in Karachi. When I first went there I expected it to be like the other savings centres. Although it has the appearance of any government office — crowded and not exactly elegant — this centre actually works. True there is generally a long queue of people, mostly senior citizens, waiting to be served, they can at least sit comfortably and the wait is not all that intolerable. Hats off to Syed Ejaz Ali who manages this centre in his kind and affable but efficient style. He had been hoping for the National Savings Scheme to be converted into a corporation as had been promised by the finance minister not too long ago. He is still waiting, though last week he said it would be unkind of him to ask for computers at a time when the money was needed for earthquake relief. But all this has not affected the working of his centre.

Then there is the Sindh Education Foundation headed by the redoubtable Prof Anita Ghulam Ali. The foundation is sponsoring an adoption scheme for schools, publishes a magazine on education and is overseeing many other school projects. Above all, Ms Ghulam Ali monitors the happenings in education in the public sector.

Take the case of the Sindh Kachchi Abadi Authority (SKAA) headed until recently by the renowned Tasneem Siddiqi. Though housed in modest premises, the SKAA functioned as a model institution under the Magsaysay Award winning Siddiqi until his retirement.

After observing the state of our government hospitals, it is difficult to believe that any one of them would compare favourably with the best health institutions in the world. There is one and it performs the most expensive surgeries free of cost. That is the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT) headed by the legendary Dr Adib Rizvi, another Magsaysay Award laureate.

Recently, SIUT held three international conferences one after another, which set new standards for the medical academia. What is more it put Karachi firmly back on the world map as a city of professional conferences. The 200 or so foreign delegates — many of them renowned experts in the field of urology and transplantation — by gracing the long shunned Sindh capital by their presence — made a political statement: Karachi is as safe as any other city in the world.

We can well be proud of these institutions and their heads. How sad that the government itself which should be grateful to them for their reputation and their willingness to identify themselves with the public sector, should try to distance itself from its protégé. How else would one describe the prime minister’s decision not to attend the SIUT conference while putting in his appearance in the city at three other functions organized by private sector institutions. Is it what we say in Urdu, Ghar ki murghee daal barabar? (What is your own is taken for granted.)

It is time our rulers learnt to take pride in these individuals and the institutions they head. By mobilizing and motivating more such exemplary leaders in their fields, it is possible to create a large number of model institutions in the public sector. When these are linked up in a nationwide network, Pakistan will definitely become a better place to live in.

Source: Dawn

Pakistan’s Changing Images of India: A Personal View

By Zubeida Mustafa

I was six years old when Pakistan was so turbulently born. Six obviously is a difficult age to try to comprehend major national and international events even when they create extreme upheavals in a child’s life. Still, I could sense the rising tensions around me. We already had just moved to Delhi when it was decided in June 1947 that India was to be partitioned. Continue reading Pakistan’s Changing Images of India: A Personal View

The healing touch

By Zubeida Mustafa

Since October 8 when the killer earthquake hit Azad Kashmir and northern Pakistan, the media has been full of images related to the tragedy. They tell a bigger story than a thousand written or spoken words. There are two pictures which are striking for their extraordinary touch of humanism. They are symbolic of what the human touch means to a person — young or old, man, woman or child.

One picture which was published a few days after the earthquake shows an army officer holding up with great affection a rescued infant who smiles warmly at his benefactor. Another picture which appeared more recently shows Queen Rania of Jordan shaking hands with an earthquake survivor in a hospital. Both are smiling. That is the magic of the human touch.

Medical science has now conclusively proved that when people shake hands or hug each other — that is, when they establish physical contact — it makes them feel good. Our grandmothers have known for a long time, even before the obstetricians and paediatricians said it, that cuddling a baby is absolutely essential for his emotional, physical and mental development. Conversely, a child who was not held and hugged in infancy very often suffers from psychological/emotional problems.

And if someone is feeling unwell, under stress or down in the dumps, a hug can work wonders. Try it and see. The principal of a private nursing college in Karachi, the only PhD in nursing in Pakistan, once recalled that when she was under training, the trainee nurses were instructed to always touch their patients gently on the forehead when asking them how they were feeling. She regretted that this very important rule was not strictly observed any more.

Not surprising then that it was a woman from Jordan who came all the way to Pakistan to touch an injured woman and bring a smile to her face. Did you notice that all our leaders who visited the injured in hospitals or went to console the survivors and never missed a photo op with them, were hardly ever seen extending a hand to give someone a reassuring pat or hug a traumatized person or cuddle a child in a state of shock. There were pictures of bigwigs standing next to the hospital bed looking at the earthquake victim or talking to the doctor in attendance. Three pictures have now appeared which can be described as exceptions. They are of the president, the prime minister and the first lady with children being held by them. That is encouraging. But don’t forget that the adults need emotional support, too.

Remember Princess Diana’s visit to Lahore and how she held the cancer-stricken children close to her? These gestures endeared her to the public simply because her ways had a healing effect on the ill children and brought a smile to their faces.

Touch is such an important element in human interaction that Virginia Satir, an eminent social scientist, remarked, “We need four hugs a day for survival. We need eight hugs a day for maintenance. We need 12 hugs a day for growth.”

Isn’t it time we loosened up a bit? We don’t like to touch a stranger to comfort him if he is in distress. When it comes to smiling, we don’t even do that often enough. And for a stranger we happen to be face to face with, we reserve our grimmest expression. Perhaps each of us is too private a person and is afraid of connecting with others we do not know. Or has it something to do with the stratified society we live in?

But kind words are very often not enough. As some health workers from the Red Cross who worked in New Orleans after Hurricane Rita recall how people trying to be brave would invariably say, “Fine, thank you. The family is fine, too,” when asked how they were. But then the health worker would reach out and pat them on the shoulder, they would break down. They were the ones who needed help. They were invited to come and talk about their problems which were many. A typical scene would be that of a health nurse putting her arm around a woman and leading her to a quiet spot where they talked as the nurse held the woman’s hand. “They need to talk. They need someone to lean on for a little bit,” observes one mental health worker. Let us also provide that supportive hand and the shoulder to lean on for the earthquake survivors.n

Source: Dawn

Price of mental disorientation

By Zubeida Mustafa
Source: Dawn

OCTOBER 2 was observed as mental health day (instead of October 10 on account of Ramazan). As in previous years, the Pakistan Association for Mental Health (PAMH) used the occasion to create awareness about an important area of human health.

This year it decided not to hold a free camp as has been the past practice because it is running a free clinic round the year. The Association instead decided to focus exclusively on creating awareness and informed advocacy to remove the stigma that marks mental illness.
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